According
to "Keralolpathy", Lord Parasurama brought Brahmins from the North and
entrusted the 64 Villages of Kerala under their control.
In
the beginning, Kerala's boundary starts from Gokarnam to reach upto Kanyakumari.
The 64 villages cited above were divided into two parts, ie., 32 villages
from Gokarnam to Kannapuram of Tulunadu and the rest from Payyannoor to
Chengannoor of Cochin and Travancore.
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Late
Shri K. Bhima Bhattar, the founder of AKTBF is felicitated by late Palimar Mutt
Swamiji during the "ALL INDIA MADHWA PHILOSOPHICAL CONFERENCE" held on 26-1-1980 at
Ernakulam.
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The
name of villages are as shown below:-
Gokarnam,
Gomakudam, Caravalli, Mallur, Eppanur, Cheppanur, Kadalur, Kannanur, Kariachira,
Peyyanchira, Thrikkani, Thrikkatta, Thrikanpala, Thrichela, Kollur, Komalam,
Vellara, Vengad, Vengatom, Chengot, Koteswaram, Manjeswaram, Udupi, Sankaranarayam,
Kottam, Shivalli, Mora, Panja, Vithal, Kumaramangalam, Ananthapuram, Kannapuram,
Payyanur, Perinjellur, Karikat, Easanamangalam, Alathur, Karingolam,
Trissivaperur, Panniyur, Chowra, Parappur, Iranikulam, Mooshikakulam, Irinjalakuda,
Atappur, Chenganot, Ulaiyannur, Kaluthanad, Kalachur, Ilibhiyam, Chammunda,
Avidiputhur, Kadukaruka, Kidangur, Karanallur, Kaviyur, Eattumanur, Nilamanna,
Ammani, Anmalam, Thiruvallayi, Chengannur.
These
villages are not named in the order from North to South.
Kerala
was known as "Malabar" in the beginning. It included :-
Tulunadu,
Koopanad, Keralanadu and Mooshikanadu.
The
migrated people "Thulu Nambis" (or Tulu Brahmins) from Perumpuzha were
spread all over south at a later period.
The
first migrated Brahmins from the North through Tulunadu, brought "Tulubhan
Perumal" to Kerala from Karnataka and entrusted the kingdom to rule.
It
is also said that in A.D.423, Krishnadevaraya established the Perumal Rule
in Kerala. Therefore it is presumed that Brahmins from Tulunadu were migrated
even before the first century A.D.
It
is also said that Kadamba King "Mayoora Varma" during his rule in Kerala,
brought Brahmins from Karnataka and assigned here.
It
is also said that migration of Vedic Brahmins through the sea-shore of
Tulunadu to Kerala were during the first phase of Seventh century A.D. History
also says that the First Set of Vedic Brahmins brought to Kerala by Parasurama
was of "Tulu Nambis" (Tulu Brahmins).
History
also says that "Embranrthiris", one of the sects of Tulu Brahmins were
brought in 1446-75 A.D. by Kolathunadu Udaya Varma, because of his enmity
towards the "Nambuthiris" during his reign.
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H.H.
Shri Viswesa Theertha Swamiji of Udupi Pejawar Mutt, delivers his "Anugraha
Prabhashana" during the 11th Philosophical Conference at Kochi.
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The
livelihood of Tulu Brahmins in Kerala
In
Kerala, the general belief as substantiated by the traditional accounts
given in "Keralolpathi" and "Kerala Mahatmyam" is that Lord Parasurama
created the land of Malabar - the Karmabhoomi or country where salvation
depends entirely upon good actions and bestowed the same upon the Brahmins
of the Sixtyfour Gramas as poured out gift, for the governance and for
conducting rites in temples established by him. The legends of most of the
renowned temples indicate that Lord Parasurama himself consecreated the
deities. The Priesthood has become an essential feature of temple and hence
due importance is given to it.
The
brahmin priests belong to various sects based on the mode of conducting
rituals, i.e., based on Thanthra and Manthra. Thanthric system in its entity
is followed by Malayala Brahmins while Vedic manthras pre-dominate in the
rituals of Paradesa Brahmins. The Kanarese speaking Karnataka Brahmins
fall under Smartha and Madhwa divisions. The Tulu speaking Brahmins form
a seperate stock and they mostely hail from north of Neeleswaram river,
particularly in areas around Udupi in Dakshin Kannad district of Karnataka.
Based
on History, 64 gramams were established by Lord Parasurama, of which 20
belong to North Tulunad (North Kanara) 12 in South Tulunadu (South Kanara)
and the rest in Malabar district, Cochin and Travancore States. As the
Present Kerala includes southern portion of South Tulunadu, it is essential
to include three gramams (Ananthpura, Kannapuram and Kumaramangalam) in
the list of gramams in Kerala, thus raising the total number to 35. Kuzhoor
and Peruvanam gramams also are to be included in the list and thus there
would be 36 gramams in Kerala.
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Adamar
Mutt Swamiji presents Mangala Patra to late Panditha Ratnam Shri G. V. Sarma
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Who
are Malayala Brahmins?
The
Brahmins who came to Kerala and settled here centuries ago, as part of
Aryanization, are known as "Malayala-Brahmins". They include Embranrthiris,
Namboothiris and Pottis. In the Travancore State Manual, it is indicated
that 32 gramams established by Lord Parasurama are situated to the North
of Perumpuzha (Payyannur or Kaveri River) the inhabitants of which are
known as EMBRANS; the Brahmins inhabiting the villages from Perinchellur
(Taliparamba) which is South of Perumpuzha to Ambalapuzha are known as
Namboothiris, while those occupying the villages to the south of Ambalapuzha
are called Pottis.
There
is an account about the settlement of Embranrthiris. It states that in
792 A.D. King Udaya Varman of Mooshika dynasty brought 237 Brahmin families
from the Agraharas of Gunavantham, Deepavarthanam and Idukunjam and settled
them at Kelathunad particularjy at the Cheruthaazham and north of it and
assigned to them the title of EMBRANTHIRI. Their mother tongue is generally
Tulu.